Effects of Diseased Top Predators in Food Chains
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Effects of Diseased Top Predators in Food Chains
Ecoepidemiology studies spreading diseases among interacting populations. Food webs occur everywhere in nature. In this paper we investigate a dynamical system for an epidemic affecting the top predators in a three-trophic level food chain. The feasible model equilibria are identified and their stability is assessed, showing transcritical bifurcations relating some of them, and analytically est...
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The exceptional fossil sites of Cerro de los Batallones (Madrid Basin, Spain) contain abundant remains of Late Miocene mammals. From these fossil assemblages, we have inferred diet, resource partitioning and habitat of three sympatric carnivorous mammals based on stable isotopes. The carnivorans include three apex predators: two sabre-toothed cats (Felidae) and a bear dog (Amphicyonidae). Herbi...
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Theory and empirical work on food chains has focused primarily on closed, equilibrial environments. We tested the combined effects of secondary consumers (fish) and limiting nutrients (nitrogen) on intermediate trophic levels in an open stream environment, where flow redistributes organisms and materials among patches of streambed habitat. Fish reduced the biomass of the dominant herbivore (bae...
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Nonlinear models and laboratory experiments suggest that populations can be chaotic, whereas field data show that a fair proportion of observed populations are not too far from being chaotic. Thus, a natural question arises: do ecosystems enjoy special properties at the edge of chaos? By limiting the analysis to three classes of tritrophic food chains and to the role played by the nutrient avai...
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Top predators can suppress mesopredators by killing them, competing for resources and instilling fear, but it is unclear how suppression of mesopredators varies with the distribution and abundance of top predators at large spatial scales and among different ecological contexts. We suggest that suppression of mesopredators will be strongest where top predators occur at high densities over large ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Advances in Research
سال: 2014
ISSN: 2348-0394
DOI: 10.9734/air/2014/11349